Wednesday, September 23, 2015

Stocks Going Ex Dividend the First Week of October


Here is our latest update on the stock trading technique called 'Buying Dividends,' also commonly referred to as 'Dividend Capture.' This is the process of buying stocks before the ex dividend date and selling the stock shortly after the ex date at about the same price, yet still being entitled to the dividend. This technique generally works only in bull markets, and can work in flat or choppy markets, but you need to avoid the technique during bear markets.

In order to be entitled to the dividend, you have to buy the stock before the ex-dividend date, and you can't sell the stock until after the ex date. The actual dividend may not be paid for another few weeks. WallStreetNewsNetwork.com has compiled a downloadable and sortable list of the stocks going ex dividend in the near future. The list contains many dividend paying companies, lots with market caps over $500 million, and yields over 2%. Here are a few examples showing the stock symbol, the ex-dividend date, and the yield.


Golden Enterprises GLDC 10/1/2015 3.3%
Glatfelter GLT 10/1/2015 2.8%
Kimco Realty Corp REIT KIM 10/1/2015 4.0%
New Residential Investment NRZ 10/1/2015 12.2%
Park Electrochemical PKE 10/1/2015 2.4%
Superior Industries SUP 10/1/2015 3.9%
Bank of Nova Scotia BNS 10/2/2015 5.1%
Quest Diagnostics DGX 10/2/2015 2.3%
Fifth Street Senior Fltg Rate FSFR 10/2/2015 13.4%
JP Morgan Chase JPM 10/2/2015 2.9%

The additional ex-dividend stocks can be found at wsnn.com. (If you have been to the website before, and the latest link doesn't show up, you may have to empty your cache.) If you like dividend stocks, you should check out some of the other high yield stock lists at WallStreetNewsNetwork.com or WSNN.com. Most of the lists are free. 

Dividend definitions:

Declaration date: the day that the company declares that there is going to be an upcoming dividend.

Ex-dividend date: the day on which if you buy the stock, you would not be entitled to that particular dividend; or the first day on which a shareholder can sell the shares and still be entitled to the dividend.

Monthly Dividend Stock List

Record date: the day when you must be on the company's books as a shareholder to receive the dividend. The ex-dividend date is normally set for stocks at two business days before the record date.

Payment date: the day on which the dividend payment is actually made, which can be as long at two months after the ex date.

Book now available: Buying Dividends Revised and Expanded

Book now available: Stock Market Trivia Makes a Great Gift!

Don't forget to reconfirm the ex-dividend date with the company before implementing this technique.

Disclosure: Author did not own any of the above at the time the article was written.

Should You Invest in Municipal Bonds?

Since the Federal Reserve Board has (again) decided not to raise interest rates, prices on municipal bonds have remained steady. But should you even consider Municipal Bonds in the first place?

Municipal bonds are basically loans from investors to state and local governments, and local government agencies. The biggest advantage of muni bonds is the interest that is paid to investors is exempt from Federal taxes, and could also be exempt from state taxes, depending on the state you live in and the type of bond that you buy. So if you are in a fairly high tax bracket, you should consider allocating a portion of your portfolio to tax free municipal bonds.


You have a couple options in terms of your investment vehicles. First you can buy municipal bonds directly. Bonds are in $5,000 denominations, but most firms have a minimum order size ranging from $15,000 to $25,000. Depending on the size of you portfolio, this could limit the amount of diversification you could have in muni bonds. However, the big advantage is that upon maturity, you will receive the par value back.

So if you buy a $5,000 bond, and interest rates rise, the value of your bond will drop, but eventually at maturity, you will get your $5,000 back.

The other option is by investing in municipal bond closed end funds, also known as CEFs. These funds own a diversified portfolio of munis. Yet, they are subject to interest rate risk. But there are a few other  advantages to the CEFs besides the diversification. You can invest in much smaller amounts, as low as $1,000. Plus, they are much more liquid and trade during the day while the stock market is open.

Of course, you will want to go with the higher rated bonds in order to avoid the risk of default that we have seen recently in places such as Detroit, Michigan and Stockton, California.



 A list of municipal bond closed end funds is available at WallStreetNewsNetwork.com. 

Tuesday, September 22, 2015

Stocks Going Ex Dividend the Fifth Week of September


Here is our latest update on the stock trading technique called 'Buying Dividends,' also commonly referred to as 'Dividend Capture.' This is the process of buying stocks before the ex dividend date and selling the stock shortly after the ex date at about the same price, yet still being entitled to the dividend. This technique generally works only in bull markets, and can work in flat or choppy markets, but you need to avoid the technique during bear markets.

In order to be entitled to the dividend, you have to buy the stock before the ex-dividend date, and you can't sell the stock until after the ex date. The actual dividend may not be paid for another few weeks. WallStreetNewsNetwork.com has compiled a downloadable and sortable list of the stocks going ex dividend in the near future. The list contains many dividend paying companies, lots with market caps over $500 million, and yields over 2%. Here are a few examples showing the stock symbol, the ex-dividend date, and the yield.


HealthSouth Corp HLS 9/29/2015 2.1%
Maiden Holdings Ltd. MHLD 9/29/2015 3.6%
Republic Services RSG 9/29/2015 2.9%
Corrections Corp of Amercia CXW 9/30/2015 7.2%
DCT Inndustrial Trust DCT 9/30/2015 3.4%
Dupont Fabros Technology DFT 9/30/2015 6.1%
Sysco Corp SYY 9/30/2015 3.0%
Domtar Corp UFS 9/30/2015 4.1%
Western Digital WDC 9/30/2015 2.5%

The additional ex-dividend stocks can be found at wsnn.com. (If you have been to the website before, and the latest link doesn't show up, you may have to empty your cache.) If you like dividend stocks, you should check out some of the other high yield stock lists at WallStreetNewsNetwork.com or WSNN.com. Most of the lists are free. 

Dividend definitions:

Declaration date: the day that the company declares that there is going to be an upcoming dividend.

Ex-dividend date: the day on which if you buy the stock, you would not be entitled to that particular dividend; or the first day on which a shareholder can sell the shares and still be entitled to the dividend.

Monthly Dividend Stock List

Record date: the day when you must be on the company's books as a shareholder to receive the dividend. The ex-dividend date is normally set for stocks at two business days before the record date.

Payment date: the day on which the dividend payment is actually made, which can be as long at two months after the ex date.

Book now available: Buying Dividends Revised and Expanded

Book now available: Stock Market Trivia Makes a Great Gift!

Don't forget to reconfirm the ex-dividend date with the company before implementing this technique.

Disclosure: Author did not own any of the above at the time the article was written.

Friday, September 18, 2015

Warren Buffett Trivia

Here are 20 little known facts about Warren Buffett, head of Berkshire Hathaway (BRK-A) (BRK-B):

1. Warren Buffett's father was a republican congressman.

2. Warren Buffett is of Huguenot ancestry.

3. His first stock purchase was three shares of Cities Service Preferred purchased when he was eleven years old.

4. When he was fourteen years old, he filed his first tax return, which listed his watch and bicycle as a tax deduction of $35 for his paper route.

5. He was a capitalist at a very young age, not only delivering newspapers, but selling magazine subscriptions door-to-door, selling golf balls, and selling Coca-Cola (KO).

6. He owned a chain of pinball machines in various barber shops when he was fifteen years old.

7. In his high school yearbook, under his picture, it says 'likes math; a future stock broker.'

8. He received his B.S. in Economics from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln when he was only 19 years old.

9. He paid $31,500 for the Omaha house he lives in today (although he bought it 52 years ago).

10. He owns a house in Laguna Beach, California


11. Buffett attended Columbia Business School because Benjamin Graham and David Dodd taught there.

12. In 1951, he received a M.S. in Economics from Columbia Business School.

13. He made almost $10,000 by the age of 20 in 1950.

14. Buffett's father and Benjamin Graham told him not to work on Wall Street.

15. He taught a night class at the University of Nebraska-Omaha called Investment Principals.

16. He owned a Sinclair Texaco gas station in his early 20's.

17. His starting salary at Benjamin Graham's company was $12,000 a year.

18. When he was 26 years old, he had $174,000 in savings.

19. He became a millionaire in 1962.

20. Buffett first bought Berkshire Hathaway stock at $7.60 per share.

If you like interesting trivia like this, you should check out the following books:

Stock Market Trivia: Special Section on the Weird Words of Wall Street

Stock Market Trivia Volume 2: Who Says Wall Street is Boring?

The above is copyrighted material from the Stock Market Trivia book, reprinted with permission of the author.

Halloween Stocks in September?

Halloween Jack-O-Lanturn Pumpkin
The Halloween ads started several days ago, even though it was just the middle of September. Halloween is celebrated in United States, England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, so there should be plenty of stock treat opportunities. The following are stocks which may benefit from the holiday, but do your research as some of them may be tricks instead of treats.

Watching scary movies is one of the popular activities of teenagers on Halloween. Netflix (NFLX) has a huge number of horror movies in its collection of titles. The stock has a trailing price to earnings ratio of 230 and a forward P/E of 342.

One of the leading studios of scary movies is Lions Gate Entertainment (LGF), which has made such films as American Psycho, Ginger Snaps, Route 666, The Devil's Rejects, House of the Dead 2, Saw VI, See No Evil, Hostel: Part II, My Bloody Valentine 3D and numerous others. Lionsgate has a P/E ratio of 33 and sports a yield of 0.7%.

Of course, the big beneficiaries of Halloween are the candy companies. Hershey Foods (HSY) is the large chocolate and confectionery company made famous by its Hershey Kisses and Hershey Bars. The stock has a P/E of 36, and a yield of 2.6%.

Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory (RMCF) is a very low cap Colorado based company which makes and markets chocolate and candy. The stock has a P/E of 19 and a yield of 4.0%.

Tootsie Roll Industries (TR) makes all kinds of candy for trick-or-treaters including Tootsie Rolls, Tootsie Roll Pops, Caramel Apple Pops, Charms, Blow-Pops, Blue Razz, Zip-A-Dee Pops, Cella's, Mason Dots, Mason Crows, Junior Mint, Charleston Chew, Sugar Daddys, and Sugar Babies. The stock has a P/E of 29 and a yield of 1.1%.

Halloween costumes and decorations are available at discount retailers such as Wal-Mart (WMT). It has a P/E of 13, and a yield of 3.0%.

If you like interesting sectors of stocks, such as college stocks, cloud computing stocks, and chocolate and candy stocks, check out WallStreetNewsNetwork.com.

Disclosure: Author didn't own any of the above at the time the article was written.

By Stockerblog.com

Thursday, September 17, 2015

Umbilical Cord Blood Breakthroughs - Time for Cord Blood Stocks?


Cord blood is blood that comes from umbilical cords, and contains a significant amount of hematopoietic stem cells. Specialized cord blood banks are available to store this blood. Cord blood stem cells are considered far superior to stem cells from bone marrow. Parents often have their newborn's cord blood preserved in the event it may be needed at some point in the future for treatment of their child's or the child's sibling's cancer or genetic disease.

Numerous diseases have been treated with cord blood. As an example, several years ago, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center in Seattle, Washington made a major breakthrough in the use of umbilical cord blood to treat blood cancers such as leukemia. The discovery dramatically decreases the recovery time of white blood cells.

Even the U.S. House of Representatives recently passed a bill to extend the federal cord blood program. For additional information on cord blood and how it is collected, stored, and used, go to CordBloodStocks.com.

The cord blood industry is significant and continues to grow. Even Richard Branson, of Virgin Records and Virgin America (VA) fame, is in the cord blood business, setting up Virgin Health, a cord blood bank.

Investors can choose either the cord blood banks or the companies that use cord blood to develop cures. Here are some stocks that participate in the cord blood business. Be aware that some of these companies have low market caps and are very speculative.

Baxter International Inc. (BAX) makes blood collection bags for umbilical cord blood and develop adult stem-cell therapies. They also own a patent for assembling and methods to process cord blood in a sterile fashion to avoid exposure to bacterial contamination and to disburse the introduction of cryopreservation solution into cord blood at a desired rate, thereby avoiding damage or trauma to the cord blood cells. The stock has a PE ratio of 9 and pays a yield of 1.3%.

PerkinElmer, Inc. (PKI) owns ViaCell, a Cambridge, Massachusetts company which sells ViaCord, a product which is used to preserve baby's umbilical cord blood. They also research and other therapeutic uses of umbilical cord blood-derived and adult-derived stem cells. The stock has a PE of 34 and a yield of 0.6%.

Celgene (CELG) This New Jersey company is involved in the discovery, production, and marketing of therapies designed to treat cancer and immune-inflammatory-related diseases. They own LifeBank USA, a cord blood bank. The P/E is 47.6.

Amgen Inc. (AMGN) is also funding research into cord blood extraction, preservation, and storage. The stock has a PE of 20.4 and a yield of 2.1.

Cryo-Cell International (CCEL) This is a Florida based cord blood stem cell bank, specializing in the family market. The stock has a PE ratio of 92.

ThermoGenesis (KOOL) This California company designs, makes, and sells automated blood processing systems for the manufacture, preservation, and delivery of cell therapies. They are involved in a joint venture with GE Healthcare, a unit of General Electric Company (GE) to distribute the AXP[TM] AutoXpress Platform, a closed and automated system for harvesting mononuclear cells from cord blood. They have recently generated negative earnings.

Cord Blood America Inc. (CBAI) One of the cord blood bankers, this Los Angeles company is involved in the collection, testing, processing, and preservation of the blood from umbilical cords for use in future stem cell therapy. They own the Cord Partners umbilical cord blood banking company. They have recently generated negative earnings. The price to earnings ratio is 2.0.

For a free downloadable Excel database of cord blood and stem cell stocks, go to WallStreetNewsNetwork.com.

Disclosure: Author didn't own any of the above at the time the article was written.


By Stockerblog.com

Stocks Going Ex Dividend the Fourth Week of September


Here is our latest update on the stock trading technique called 'Buying Dividends,' also commonly referred to as 'Dividend Capture.' This is the process of buying stocks before the ex dividend date and selling the stock shortly after the ex date at about the same price, yet still being entitled to the dividend. This technique generally works only in bull markets, and can work in flat or choppy markets, but you need to avoid the technique during bear markets.

In order to be entitled to the dividend, you have to buy the stock before the ex-dividend date, and you can't sell the stock until after the ex date. The actual dividend may not be paid for another few weeks. WallStreetNewsNetwork.com has compiled a downloadable and sortable list of the stocks going ex dividend in the near future. The list contains many dividend paying companies, lots with market caps over $500 million, and yields over 2%. Here are a few examples showing the stock symbol, the ex-dividend date, and the yield.

Capitala Finance Corp CPTA 9/21/2015 13.5%
FS Investment Corporation FSIC 9/21/2015 9.1%
KAR Auction Services Inc KAR 9/21/2015 2.9%
Mackinac Financial Corporation MFNC 9/21/2015 3.8%
Cypress Semiconductor CY 9/22/2015 4.5%
Getty Realty Corp GTY 9/22/2015 6.1%
International Flavors & Frag. IFF 9/23/2015 2.0%
Kimball International Inc KBAL 9/23/2015 2.0%
Liberator Medical Holdings Inc LBMH 9/23/2015 5.2%
Medtronic, Inc. MDT 9/23/2015 2.1%
Portland General Electric POR 9/23/2015 3.4%

The additional ex-dividend stocks can be found at wsnn.com. (If you have been to the website before, and the latest link doesn't show up, you may have to empty your cache.) If you like dividend stocks, you should check out some of the other high yield stock lists at WallStreetNewsNetwork.com or WSNN.com. Most of the lists are free. 

Dividend definitions:

Declaration date: the day that the company declares that there is going to be an upcoming dividend.

Ex-dividend date: the day on which if you buy the stock, you would not be entitled to that particular dividend; or the first day on which a shareholder can sell the shares and still be entitled to the dividend.

Monthly Dividend Stock List

Record date: the day when you must be on the company's books as a shareholder to receive the dividend. The ex-dividend date is normally set for stocks at two business days before the record date.

Payment date: the day on which the dividend payment is actually made, which can be as long at two months after the ex date.

Book now available: Buying Dividends Revised and Expanded

Book now available: Stock Market Trivia Makes a Great Gift!

Don't forget to reconfirm the ex-dividend date with the company before implementing this technique.

Disclosure: Author did not own any of the above at the time the article was written.

Saturday, September 12, 2015

Stocks Selling Below Cash per Share and Debt Free: Guaranteed Way to Profit

If you want to find stocks that are almost guaranteed not to go out of business, you should look for stocks selling below cash per share. As a matter of fact, if you want an almost guaranteed way of of investing, putting your money into stocks selling below cash is the way to go. One of the advantages of the recent market drop is the fact that many stocks have been beaten down so low that many of these types of companies have become available.

So what does it mean that a stock sells below cash per share? First, assuming the company has no debt,  you take the amount of cash that the company has in the bank and divide it by the outstanding number of shares. That represents the cash per share. If a stock is trading for less than that amount, it is a bargain, because if the company went out of business immediately, everything would be liquidated and disbursed on a per share basis. Even if all the company's equipment and real estate were worth nothing, all that cash would provide the investor with a profit.

Once a stock sells for below cash per share, it starts to attract t6he attention of hedge funds, analysts, and companies looking for a takeover candidate, all of which can drive the price of a stock up. You may be wondering, do such stocks really currently exist? The answer is 'Yes' and here are a few of them.

Avalanche Biotechnologies, Inc. (AAVL) is develops gene therapies for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases based on its Ocular BioFactory platform. The stock closed on Friday at 10.64 per share, yet the stock has 13.09 in cash per share, almost a 19% discount. Or another way to look at it would be if the stock price reached its cash price, it would rise by 23%. Latest quarterly revenues for the company rose by 50.4% year over year. The company is currently debt free. Of course, with biotech companies, or any type of company for that matter, there is a risk that management may burn through a lot of cash quickly.

BroadVision (BVSN) makes and sells enterprise portal applications. It is debt free with cash per share of 7.25, yet is is trading for 6.00 per share, a 17% discount. Quarterly revenues were down 30.8%.

Ambassadors Group (EPAX) is a Spokane, Washington company which markets worldwide educational travel programs for students. The stock is at 2.70 and the cash per share is a healthy 4.14, a discount of 35%. The company has no debt. Revenues were down 10% for the latest quarter, but the company generated a profit for the latest quarter after two quarters of losses.

Gencor Industries (GENC) is another stock below cash. It makes and markets heavy machinery. The stock is at 9.15, whereas cash per share is 10.19,

As you can see, there are several of these diamonds in the rough. But do your research before investing, as most of these have very low market caps and limited trading which reduces liquidity. If you like interested stock lists like this, you should check out many of the free stock lists at WallStreetNewsNetwork.com.

Disclosure: Author didn't own any of the above at the time the article was published. 

By Stockerblog.com

Wednesday, September 09, 2015

Stocks Going Ex Dividend the Third Week of September


Here is our latest update on the stock trading technique called 'Buying Dividends,' also commonly referred to as 'Dividend Capture.' This is the process of buying stocks before the ex dividend date and selling the stock shortly after the ex date at about the same price, yet still being entitled to the dividend. This technique generally works only in bull markets, and can work in flat or choppy markets, but you need to avoid the technique during bear markets.

In order to be entitled to the dividend, you have to buy the stock before the ex-dividend date, and you can't sell the stock until after the ex date. The actual dividend may not be paid for another few weeks. WallStreetNewsNetwork.com has compiled a downloadable and sortable list of the stocks going ex dividend in the near future. The list contains many dividend paying companies, lots with market caps over $500 million, and yields over 2%. Here are a few examples showing the stock symbol, the ex-dividend date, and the yield.


Albemarle CorpALB9/14/20152.6%
American Railcar IndustriesARII9/14/20154.1%
Cincinnati FinancialCINF9/14/20153.5%
El Paso Electric Co. EE9/14/20153.3%
Equity One, Inc.EQY9/14/20153.6%
First Capital Inc.FCAP9/14/20153.2%
Fidelity National FinancialFNF9/14/20152.3%
RayonierRYN9/14/20154.3%
TCP Capital CorpTCPC9/14/20159.3%
TICC Capital CorpTICC9/14/201517.7%
UIL HoldingsUIL9/14/20153.7%
Western UnionWU9/14/20153.3%
Briggs & StrattonBGG9/15/20152.7%

The additional ex-dividend stocks can be found at wsnn.com. (If you have been to the website before, and the latest link doesn't show up, you may have to empty your cache.) If you like dividend stocks, you should check out some of the other high yield stock lists at WallStreetNewsNetwork.com or WSNN.com. Most of the lists are free. 
Dividend definitions:

Declaration date: the day that the company declares that there is going to be an upcoming dividend.

Ex-dividend date: the day on which if you buy the stock, you would not be entitled to that particular dividend; or the first day on which a shareholder can sell the shares and still be entitled to the dividend.

Monthly Dividend Stock List

Record date: the day when you must be on the company's books as a shareholder to receive the dividend. The ex-dividend date is normally set for stocks at two business days before the record date.

Payment date: the day on which the dividend payment is actually made, which can be as long at two months after the ex date.

Book now available: Buying Dividends Revised and Expanded

Book now available: Stock Market Trivia Makes a Great Gift!

Don't forget to reconfirm the ex-dividend date with the company before implementing this technique.

Disclosure: Author did not own any of the above at the time the article was written.

Thursday, September 03, 2015

Top Biotech Short Squeeze Plays

In the last few weeks, many of the biotechnology stocks have tanked along with the rest of the market, and investors may find some beaten down bargains. The interesting thing about biotech stocks is that when they move upwards, they really move fast and hard, often due to FDA approvals, takeovers, and takeover rumors.

Because of the price drop, there could be some short squeeze plays in this sector. A short squeeze takes place when the short sellers rush to cover their short positions when a stock starts to move up. For some short squeeze definitions, check out a previous short squeeze article.

Here is a list of biotech stocks with a very high short interest percentage.

Insys Therapeutics INSY 60%
Tokai Pharmaceutic. TKAI 57%
MannKind Corp MNKD 48%
Myriad Genetics MYGN 43%
OvaScience Inc OVAS 36%
VIVUS, Inc. VVUS 36%
Sarepta Therapeutics  SRPT 36%

Wednesday, September 02, 2015

Stocks Going Ex Dividend the Second Week of September


Here is our latest update on the stock trading technique called 'Buying Dividends,' also commonly referred to as 'Dividend Capture.' This is the process of buying stocks before the ex dividend date and selling the stock shortly after the ex date at about the same price, yet still being entitled to the dividend. This technique generally works only in bull markets, and can work in flat or choppy markets, but you need to avoid the technique during bear markets.

In order to be entitled to the dividend, you have to buy the stock before the ex-dividend date, and you can't sell the stock until after the ex date. The actual dividend may not be paid for another few weeks. WallStreetNewsNetwork.com has compiled a downloadable and sortable list of the stocks going ex dividend in the near future. The list contains many dividend paying companies, lots with market caps over $500 million, and yields over 2%. Here are a few examples showing the stock symbol, the ex-dividend date, and the yield.


Ameren Corp AEE 9/8/2015 4.0%
Auburn National Bancorp AUBN 9/8/2015 3.3%
CME Group CME 9/8/2015 2.1%
Financial Institutions Inc. FISI 9/8/2015 3.3%
Garrison Capital Inc GARS 9/8/2015 9.8%
G&K Services Inc GK 9/8/2015 2.2%
Golar LNG Ltd. GLNG 9/8/2015 5.0%
Mercury General MCY 9/8/2015 4.8%
MDU Resources Group MDU 9/8/2015 4.2%
Occidental Petroleum OXY 9/8/2015 4.3%
Pepco Holdings POM 9/8/2015 4.6%
PPL Corporation PPL 9/8/2015 4.8%

The additional ex-dividend stocks can be found at wsnn.com. (If you have been to the website before, and the latest link doesn't show up, you may have to empty your cache.) If you like dividend stocks, you should check out some of the other high yield stock lists at WallStreetNewsNetwork.com or WSNN.com. Most of the lists are free. 
Dividend definitions:

Declaration date: the day that the company declares that there is going to be an upcoming dividend.

Ex-dividend date: the day on which if you buy the stock, you would not be entitled to that particular dividend; or the first day on which a shareholder can sell the shares and still be entitled to the dividend.

Monthly Dividend Stock List

Record date: the day when you must be on the company's books as a shareholder to receive the dividend. The ex-dividend date is normally set for stocks at two business days before the record date.

Payment date: the day on which the dividend payment is actually made, which can be as long at two months after the ex date.

Book now available: Buying Dividends Revised and Expanded

Book now available: Stock Market Trivia Makes a Great Gift!

Don't forget to reconfirm the ex-dividend date with the company before implementing this technique.

Disclosure: Author did not own any of the above at the time the article was written.